In the preamble, I reiterated that communication IS NOT MERELY THE TRANSFER OF INFORMATION but a meaning-making and meaning sharing activity characterised by shared intentionality – a purely cooperative activity of mutual understanding and shared intent and mutual goals. Yes, the goals are constant. Burgoon and Ruffner (1978) concluded their reasoned definition of communication with that proviso and it is still valid. As such, communication pushes parties involved towards a common ground for the formation of social reality. This is the reason that communication is fundamentally a cooperative social process of meaning-sharing and meaning-making.

